Technical Requirements for Lead-Acid Battery Electrolyte

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The electrolyte is prepared by mixing concentrated sulfuric acid with purified water (deionized or distilled water). It must be prepared using battery-specific sulfuric acid conforming to national standard GB4554-84, mixed with qualified purified water to achieve an electrolyte density of 1.22±0.01 g/cm³ (20℃).

Sulfuric Acid Standard for Lead-Acid Batteries GB4554-84

Serial Number	Indicator Name	dilute sulfuric acid		concentrated sulfuric acid
Serial Number	Indicator Name	Level 1	Level 2	Level 1	Level 2
1	Sulfuric acid ( H₂SO₄ ₎content, % _≥	60	60	92	92
2	Residue on ignition content, % ≤	0.2	0.035	0.03	0.05
3	Manganese (Mn) content, % ≤	0.000035	0.000065	0.00005	0.00001
4	Iron (Fe) content, % ≤	0.0035	0.008	0.005	0.012
5	Arsenic (As) content, % ≤	0.000035	0.000065	0.00005	0.00001
6	Chlorine (Cl) content, % ≤	0.00035	0.00065	0.0005	0.0001
7	Nitrogen oxides (calculated as N) content, % ≤	0.000065	0.00065	0.0001	0.001
8	Ammonium ( NH4 ₎content, % ≤	0.00065		0.001
9	Sulfur dioxide (SO2) Content, % ≤	0.0025	0.0045	0.004	0.007
10	Copper (Cu) content, % ≤	0.00035	0.0035	0.0005	0.005
11	Reduced potassium permanganate content, % ≤	0.00065	0.0012	0.001	0.002
12	Colorimetric intensity, ml ≤	0.65	0.65	1.0	2.0
13	Transparency, mm ≥	350	350	160	50

Water Standards for Lead-Acid Batteries (Draft National Professional Standard for Approval) For Reference

Serial Number	Indicator Name	index
Serial Number	Indicator Name	%	mg/l
1	Appearance	colorless	transparent
2	Residue content ≤	0.01	100
3	Manganese content ≤	0.00001	0.1
4	Iron content ≤	0.0004	4
5	Chlorine content ≤	0.0005	5
6	Nitrate (as N) content ≤	0.0003	3
7	Ammonium content ≤	0.0008	8
8	Reduced potassium permanganate content, % ≤	0.0008	2
9	Alkaline earth metal oxide (calculated as CaO) content ≤	0.005	50
10	Resistivity (25℃) Ω ·cm ≥	10 ^×10⁴