Frequently Asked Questions about Reverse Osmosis Membrane and Ion Exchange Resin (91-100)

91. How can I send a ROSA5 design to another ROSA5 user via email, so they can open the design using the "Open Project" command?

On the computer interface displaying the calculation results, click Options -> Create Database to create a new file named xxx.mdb. Then, you can email the xxx.mdb file as an attachment. It's best to compress it with WinZip before sending. After receiving the email attachment, the recipient should save it to a specified directory on their computer. Launch the ROSA software, click File -> Select Database -> xxx.mdb -> Open -> Yes -> Select a Project name in "Select a Project" -> Click OK to enter the software design interface.

92. What is the relationship between Project and Case in software design?

The various calculation arrangements within a project are called Cases. For example, a series of simulations can be performed for different fouling factors (FF1.00, 0.90, 0.85) to predict system performance after different operating times (1 year, 2 years, or 3 years). Similarly, you might need to know the system performance under five different temperature conditions: 10°C, 15°C, 20°C, 25°C, and 30°C. This allows for a set of Cases under the same Project name.

93. Which Dow FILMTEC element is suitable for concentrated maple sap?

NF270 nanofiltration element

94. How long can a new, unopened Dow FILMTEC element be stored?

The biggest advantage of dry elements is that they can be stored indefinitely, while wet elements have a maximum storage period of one year and require periodic replacement of the preservative solution (please refer to the relevant section for details).

95. What are the characteristics of Dow FILMTEC HSRO (Heat-Sterilized Reverse Osmosis)?

FILMTEC™ HSRO heat-sterilized reverse osmosis membrane elements produce high-quality permeate while also being able to withstand hot water sterilization. Produced on an advanced, fully automated production line, HSRO elements boast the highest effective membrane area in the membrane industry. This high area allows for system design with lower operating flux or the use of fewer membrane elements to save costs while maintaining the same flux. The elements feature a shell-less, full-fit design, eliminating the dead water zone between the standard membrane element and the pressure vessel wall, making them suitable for applications with special hygiene requirements. All components comply with FDA standards.

96. What is the maximum number of membrane elements that can be connected in series in a single pressure vessel without significant performance loss?

Theoretically, there is no such limit, but the maximum permissible pressure differential per pressure vessel is 60 psi (4.2 bar). Currently, 8-core pressure vessels are available that can hold up to 8 membrane elements. For ultra-low pressure or very low pressure membrane elements with higher permeate flow rates, it is recommended to use shorter pressure vessels to balance the permeate flow rates at the front and rear ends of the same pressure vessel and prevent excessive differences.

97. How effective is Dow FILMTEC RO in removing ammonia and nitrate?

At pH above 7.3, ammonia (NH4+) exists as dissolved ammonia gas in water. Reverse osmosis can permeate gaseous ammonia. The removal rate of NO3- depends on pH, but is generally around 70-95%.

98. How do I save the software calculation results to a specified subdirectory?

Designed projects can be saved in a subdirectory specified by the designer. This is because the database allows saving in any subdirectory. If the designer does not specify, the default subdirectory is c:\ROSA5\Data\wtdata.mdb. Calculation results are also displayed as .html files, which are also saved in the c:\ROSA5\Data subdirectory. These files can be moved to any other subdirectory from here.

99. Who sells membrane cleaning agents or provides cleaning services? We offer a DIRECTOR Service to analyze your membrane system and provide troubleshooting advice for any malfunctions. However, we do not sell or approve any cleaning agents. There are indeed many membrane cleaning companies; you can search for them on their websites by typing "Membrane Cleaning Chemicals". Before seeking help with membrane cleaning issues, you should first consult your system supplier or system designer.

100. Can RO membranes remove dissolved oxygen?

Dissolved oxygen can pass through RO membranes.