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Ion exchange resins for ultrapure water systems can be classified according to function, internal structure, polymer monomer type, and application. Classification by function and internal structure is the mainstream approach. Combining this with conventional classification, we will explain the types of ion exchange resins based on function:
Cation exchange resins: These resins contain cations in their functional groups. They are further divided into strongly acidic cation exchange resins and weakly acidic cation exchange resins.
Anion exchange resins: These resins contain anions in their functional groups. They are further divided into strongly basic anion exchange resins and weakly basic anion exchange resins.
Cation bed: A resin column packed with cation exchange resin.
Anion bed: A resin column packed with anion exchange resin.
Mixed bed: This involves mixing cation and anion exchange resins in a specific ratio and packing them into the same exchange device to exchange and remove ions from the fluid. Because cation resins are denser than anion resins, in a mixed bed, the anion resin is on top and the cation resin is at the bottom. Generally, the ratio of cation to anion resins is 1:2, but there are also regeneration processes with a ratio of 1:1.5. After a period of use, the ion exchange resin becomes saturated with adsorbed impurities and needs to be regenerated. Chemical agents are used to wash away the ions and other impurities adsorbed by the resin, restoring its original composition and performance.
