Water Treatment Equipment Technical Data

1. Test Procedure

1.1 In the test, the hydraulic characteristics of the filtration equipment are mainly determined by measuring differential pressure, flow rate, filter media volume, and filter media particle size.

1.2 Differential Pressure Measurement

1.2.1 Differential pressure measurement reflects the degree of fouling in the filter media bed. The effectiveness of filter backwashing can generally be determined by measuring the pressure drop of the filter media bed before and after backwashing.

1.2.2 Differential pressure measurement uses the measuring devices listed in Chapter 6.

1.3 Flow Rate Measurement

1.3.1 Flow rate measurement can determine the output of the equipment and can also be used to determine the fluid velocity during backwashing, forward washing, and various components of the filter.

1.3.2 Flow rate measurement uses the measuring devices listed in Chapter 6.

1.4 Temperature Measurement

Temperature measurement is to ensure that the filter operates under design conditions.

1.5 Measurement of Filter Media Bed Height During Loading

The methods and instruments for temperature measurement are as specified in Chapter 6.

1.5.1 Measuring the filter media layer height is used to confirm the layer height of various sizes of filter media in the filtration equipment.

1.5.2 When measuring the filter media volume, the volume of the container head and the volume occupied by the internal distributor should be considered.

1.6 Measurement of filter media particle size during loading

Measuring the filter media particle size is used to determine whether the particle size of the filter material meets the requirements of the equipment design.

1.7 Chemical Measurement

Chemical measurement is mainly used to determine the filtration performance of the filtration equipment.

1.8 The quality of the water entering the filter must comply with the provisions of JB/Z 360.

2.1 Mechanical Filter Sample Inflow Outflow

Measurement Item: Suspended Solids

2.2 Activated Carbon Filter Sample Inflow Outflow

Measurement Item: Oxygen Consumption Oxygen Consumption Chlorine Residual Chlorine

3 Measurement Methods

3.1 Differential Pressure Measurement

3.1.1 Pressure drop in filtration equipment or systems is typically measured using pressure gauges or differential pressure gauges installed along the flow path.

3.1.2 The pressure loss value of a single device or system can be measured using a differential pressure gauge or a pair of matched, calibrated pressure gauges. If a pair of pressure gauges is used, both should preferably be installed at the same height to avoid corrections for different static pressure heads and to facilitate simultaneous reading of inlet and outlet pressures.

3.1.3 The range of the pressure gauge must be appropriately selected. The maximum range of the pressure gauge should generally be 1.5 to 2 times the indicated average value.

3.1.4 Because the flow rate affects the value of the differential pressure, it is essential to agree before the test whether to use one or several flow rates. 3.1.5 For the resistance loss test of the equipment, pressure measuring points must be placed on the inlet and outlet pipes of the filter container.

3.2 Flow Measurement

3.2.1 To determine the backwash flow rate, cleaning flow rate, and operating flow rate of the filter equipment, a flow meter can be installed on the inlet pipe of the filter equipment.

3.2.2 In small filtration systems, if no flow meter is installed, water can be introduced from the outlet of the filter equipment.

3.3 Temperature Measurement

Temperature measurement can be performed using a liquid-filled glass thermometer.

3.4 Measurement of Filter Media Height

Measure the mass and bulk density of the filter media to calculate the height of the filter media.

3.5 Measurement of Filter Media Particle Size

3.5.1 Particle size measurement includes the measurement of particle diameter and uniformity coefficient, which can be measured using sieve analysis.

3.5.2 Particle size is expressed in the following two ways:

a. Average particle size d50 – the sieve aperture diameter through which 50% (by weight) of the filter media can pass (usually expressed in mm)

b. Effective particle size d10 – the sieve aperture diameter through which 10% (by weight) of the filter media can pass (usually expressed in mm)